In 1892, the construction of a spiritual center, a church in honor of the Not Made by Hands Image, began in the district center, which later became the cathedral. The initiator and main benefactor of this project was the honorary citizen of Pavlograd, Yakov Fedorovich Golubitsky. The church was built and solemnly opened in 1898.

World War I, the October Revolution, and the Civil War brought much suffering. Pavlograd, like other cities in Ukraine, experienced the consequences of revolution, wars, collectivization, dekulakization, the Holodomor, and Stalinist repressions. The Red Terror also affected the Holy Church.

During the first two decades of the 20th century, almost all churches in Pavlograd were closed or destroyed. The only functioning church remained the Savior Not Made by Hands, which, after the destruction of the Ascension Cathedral in 1936, became the main cathedral of the Pavlograd deanery and a spiritual center for residents of five nearby districts.

During the Great Patriotic War in 1943, the cathedral building was severely damaged by bombings, and the parish priest, Archpriest Simon, tragically perished. During the period of the 'Khrushchyov thaw,' the church also suffered.

In 1960, the cathedral was closed and converted into a gymnasium, and a sports school building was constructed nearby. The graves of Yakov Golubitsky and his wife were destroyed, and the remains were transferred to the city cemetery.

With the acquisition of Ukraine's independence, the revival of lost shrines began. In 1991, the church of the Savior Not Made by Hands was returned to the Church. Its rector became Archpriest Valentin Teshkovsky. The restoration of the church was completed in 1995.

After the opening of the church on the Feast of the Presentation of the Lord, its great consecration took place, and the first Divine Liturgy in 30 years was led by Archbishop Iriney of Dnipropetrovsk and Kryvyi Rih.

Archpriest Taras Poterukha restored the iconostases in the southern and northern chapels of the church, dedicated to the Annunciation of the Most Holy Theotokos and Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker. On July 13, 1996, the archpastor consecrated the altars in them. In the same year, after the decision of the Holy Synod of the UOC to establish two dioceses in the Dnipropetrovsk region, Archbishop Iriney received the title 'Dnipropetrovsk and Pavlograd,' and the cathedral became a cathedral.

In 1994, a two-story building in the churchyard was transferred to the cathedral community, where a baptismal room, library, office, Sunday school classrooms, prosphora room, and refectory were placed. All work was done by their own efforts. In 1999, the information and missionary departments began their work.

In 2002, the painting of the church was completed, and in early 2003, the city authorities transferred a building next to the cathedral, which was renovated and converted into an educational institution for children in 2004. Soon, the school became an educational and enlightenment center, including a four-year Sunday school in the name of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril and Methodius.