The Sign Church is located in the railway area of the city, next to the railway. The church building is made of brick, its walls are plastered and painted in two colors, while decorative elements are highlighted with whitewash. The area around the church is fenced.

The Church of the Sign of the Most Holy Theotokos began its activities in 1869 in the Stanichnaya sloboda, which was then a suburb of Borisoglebsk, part of the Tambov district. The church was built by Cossacks with funds from parishioners. The church has three altars: the central one in honor of the Sign of the Most Holy Theotokos, the southern one in honor of the Beheading of St. John the Baptist, and the northern one in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. The iconostasis was gifted to the church over a hundred years ago by Emperor Nicholas II and is a diploma work of graduates of the Imperial Academy. All icons were painted in St. Petersburg in the style of Athos writing, and the icon cases were carved and gilded. Oil paints were used, and the boards for the images and icon cases were made of linden wood. The church had a parish school and a charity.

In the spring of 1941, there were plans to close the Sign Church, which at that time remained the only functioning church in Borisoglebsk and the district. Documents for this were prepared and sent to Voronezh for approval, but due to the start of the Great Patriotic War, the decision was not made, and services in the church continued.

Today, the Sign Church serves as the second cathedral of the Metropolitan of Voronezh and Borisoglebsk, Sergius. After Easter during the Bright Week and on the second day of Christmas, the ruling hierarch conducts services in the Sign Cathedral of Borisoglebsk.

The church houses a relic, the Icon of the Most Pure Virgin Mary, known as "Consolation and Comfort." It was painted in 1902 on the holy mountain Athos in the Vatopedi Monastery and brought by pilgrims to the Tavolzhansky Kazan Monastery in the Novokhopersk district of the Voronezh province in the same year, where it remained until 1937. After the monastery was destroyed, the relic was preserved by Abbess Apollinaria in the village of Sredny Karachan. In 1945, the icon was transferred to the Sign Church of Borisoglebsk, where it remains to this day.