The wooden Assumption church was built in the monastery a few years after its founding and consecrated in 1659. It stood for almost a hundred years, but in 1751 (according to other sources, in 1755) it was dismantled due to its dilapidated state. In its place, a new stone church was erected, which served the monastery until the late 1870s. At that time, it was decided not to repair it, but to build a new one in the popular Byzantine style. Kremenetsky wrote: "The main church in honor of the Assumption of the Holy Mother of God occupies a central place in the monastery, built in the Byzantine style, in the shape of a cross, with one altar. Construction began with the blessing of Archbishop Seraphim (Aretinsky) in 1880 and was completed in 1886. The church is made of quality brick, its thick walls and proportions promise a long existence. The windows in the dome are made after the model of ancient churches, which does not spoil the painting and contributes to the concentration of the praying people."

However, the prediction of the church's "long existence" turned out to be erroneous. After 1924, the Assumption Cathedral still resembled a cult building, but by the 1950s it looked like a barrack. The authorities explained the destruction of the dome by serious damage allegedly sustained during the war. However, N. S. Anidalov, who lived in these places and observed the condition of the monastery, noted: "During the war of 1941-45, the main dome of the summer church had only a shell hole and could have been easily restored. But in 1950 and 1951, this part of the church with the dome, altar, and choirs was dismantled supposedly for building materials, and the monolith of the walls was turned into rubble." The historical building was severely distorted, and after the monastery was returned to the Church, it took several years to restore the Assumption church.