The Trinity Church is the oldest surviving Orthodox church in the Starooskolsky region. It was built in 1730 in the Trinity Men's Monastery, which was located in the center of the Streletskaya sloboda, now part of the city limits. The church has two chapels: one dedicated to the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, and the other to Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker. Until 1764, the Trinity Monastery was abolished, and the church became a parish.

In 1858, additional premises were added to the church. The parish included the slobodahs of Troitskaya, Pushkarskaya, and Streletskaya. The church houses the venerated miraculous Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. Next to the church is a chapel in honor of this icon, presumably built in the first half of the 19th century.

During the Soviet era, the chapel was used as a warehouse, but in 1994 it was renovated with funds from parishioners. The church is an architectural monument that combines elements of Baroque and late Classicism.

On January 2, 2000, Archbishop Ioann of Belgorod and Stary Oskol consecrated the church and its three altars. The Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, the oldest shrine of the church, is mentioned in ancient documents. The 1887 record refers to it as a revered miraculous icon: "In the church, there is an ancient especially revered miraculous Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. The Child God is not visible due to time. This icon has many silver pendants with various images."