Documents in the Bryansk region archive indicate that the Church of Saint Nicholas in Ushcherpye housed decrees from 1724. The inventory mentions a Gospel from 1691, and according to the 1767 census, the church had: a schoolhouse, two household plots, two gardens, and hayfields for 100 carts. The exact date of the founding of the village of Ushcherpye is unknown. During the dismantling of the church in 1939-1940, two plates, one zinc and one bronze, were found under its foundation, stating that the church was built in 1777 in the village of Rangovo on the Ushcherpka River.

The first known owner and organizer of Ushcherpye was the famous family of Apraksins, related to the 'royal relatives.' The church chronicle notes that on December 8, 1789, an image of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God, measuring three-quarters of an arshin, covered with a gilded robe, was created through the efforts of Countess Sofia Osipovna Apraksina, with two rings of French gold. A silver lampada stood before the icon.

At the end of the 18th century, the population of Ushcherpye, according to civil status records, was recorded in the church and consisted of 790 men and 715 women. By the early 19th century, the population reached 2,000 people.

From 1900 until the church's closure, Priest Nikolai Gusarovich served in Ushcherpye. Archive documents stored in the FSB management of the Bryansk region state: 'Gusarovich Nikolai Vasilyevich, clergyman, born March 1, 1857, in the settlement of Novy Bykhov, Mogilev district. Resided in the village of Ushcherpye, Klintsy district of the Western (now Bryansk) region. Clergyman of the church. Arrested on October 26, 1937, on charges of aiding German-Gaidman squads and organizing protests against collective farms. Sentenced to death on November 22, 1937. Rehabilitated by the Bryansk region prosecutor's office in 1989.'