In 1903, at the initiative of noblewoman Elizabeth Mikhailovna Tereshchenko, a stone church with a bell tower was built. The altar was consecrated in honor of St. Theodosius of Uglich, the Chernigov miracle worker. The village of Popovy Lezhachi was granted the status of a village.

A description of the church from 1920 has been preserved. The church has a cross-shaped form, one dome, is covered with iron, and painted in graphite color. The outer walls are red, while the interior is white. The domes of the church and bell tower are covered with aluminum. The bell tower had eight bells. The main iconostasis is two-tiered, with 16 icons, and the side iconostases have 12 images of saints each. The church housed 48 small icons and two silver icons measuring 6 vershoks. The inventory mentions 108 items of church utensils. A school operated at the church, where in 1915, 124 boys and 34 girls studied.

In the 1930s, the building was used as a warehouse. In 1941, services resumed. By the decree of the governor of the Kursk region on October 30, 1998, the Theodosian Church in the village of Popovo-Lezhachi was recognized as a monument of local cult architecture.

In 2003, the village of Popovo-Lezhachi celebrated the 100th anniversary of the church's consecration. It was a regional celebration attended by Metropolitan Juvenaly of Kursk and Rylsk, clergy from the region, representatives of the district administration, and parishioners.