The Transfiguration Church in Bryansk (Bezhitsa) has a rich history. It was built in connection with the opening of the Bryansk rail rolling mill in 1873-1874. At the initiative of the mill's administration, a chapel was first erected, and in 1879, a prayer house. Due to the large number of parishioners, the construction of a majestic church began in 1880, designed by architect Alexander Grenner. The walls of the church were made of iron rails and covered with oak, and its plan was in the shape of a cross. In 1884, the church was consecrated in honor of the Transfiguration of the Lord, and later two chapels were added. The interior decoration was particularly beautiful, and the church became an ornament of the workers' settlement. A model church school operated under it.

On April 20, 1915, the church was visited by Emperor Nicholas II. After the 1917 revolution, there were numerous attempts to close the church, but the parishioners defended it. By a decree on May 4, 1929, it was decided to close the church, but services continued until December of that year. The closure was accompanied by the involvement of police and military, and on December 23, the bells and crosses began to be removed. In 1930, a circus was placed in the building, followed by a cinema. The church began to be demolished in 1933 and was completely dismantled in 1935, with plans to build a thermal power plant in its place. In March 1931, members of the clergy were arrested and exiled, and in 1937, the former rector Athanasius Preobrazhensky and priest Simeon Krasovsky were shot. However, the history of the church did not end there.

In late March 1992, the community of the Transfiguration Church was recreated. From January 1, 1994, services resumed in the renovated building. On July 24, 1994, the day of remembrance of Princess Olga, the rite for the foundation of the church was performed, and by October 14, the foundation laying was completed. On Monday of Bright Week, April 23, 2006, Bishop Theophilact of Bryansk and Sevsk celebrated the first Divine Liturgy in the new church together with the rector and clergy of the Diocese.