The Nativity of Christ Cathedral became the first church built in the new part of Stary Oskol in the 21st century, and now adorns the northern neighborhoods of the city.

On September 18, 1999, the cornerstone was consecrated at the future site of the church. Soon after, a temporary trailer was set up where services were held.

The first Divine Liturgy took place on January 7, 2001, on the feast of the Nativity of Christ, and construction of the stone building of the church began simultaneously.

On December 6, 2002, six golden domes shone on the church. The main dome, 8 meters high and weighing almost 6 tons, was manufactured at the Volgodonsk engineering center "Grant." At the factory, it was divided into 10 segments and delivered to Stary Oskol. Along with it, four 6-meter domes, one 1.5-meter dome for the bell tower, and six golden crosses were brought. The domes are covered with titanium nitride.

On January 8, 2003, the bells were raised to the bell tower and consecrated.

On September 10, 2003, the church was consecrated by Archbishop John of Belgorod and Stary Oskol.

In 2015, icon painters from St. Petersburg decorated the church.

A Parsonage was built next to the church.