The Nativity of Christ Cathedral in Obninsk was built in 2001 and serves as an archbishop's residence. A Youth Spiritual and Educational Center operates at the cathedral. The prototype of the Obninsk cathedral was the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Warsaw, created based on the design by Leonty Benois in 1912. The cathedral was demolished along with the bell tower in 1926 after Poland regained independence.

Construction of the cathedral in Obninsk began in May 1998. On June 29, 1999, during a visit to Kaluga, His Holiness Patriarch Alexy of Moscow visited the construction site and held a prayer service. The first Divine Liturgy took place on January 13, 2002. In 2011, the Youth Spiritual and Educational Center was opened, which includes a Sunday school, theological and catechetical courses for adults, clubs, sections, studios, creative groups, as well as a library and film archive.