The construction of the Russian Orthodox church in Havana began on November 14, 2004, at the initiative of Fidel Castro, who stated that he proposed to build a cathedral of the Russian Orthodox Church in the capital of Cuba as a sign of Russian-Cuban friendship. The funding for the construction was provided by the Cuban authorities. Of the total amount of 1.5 million US dollars, the Moscow Patriarchate allocated 245 thousand dollars for the relocation of a residential building located on the site of the future church.

The consecration of the church took place on October 19, 2008, by Metropolitan Cyril (Gundyaev) of Smolensk in the presence of Raul Castro, the head of the Cuban state. Metropolitan Cyril noted that the church was conceived as a symbol of Russian-Cuban friendship and gratitude to the people who played a significant role in preserving Cuba as an independent state and developing its economy.

The Kazan church, which has five domes, is built in the traditions of ancient Russian architecture and features a tent-shaped bell tower in the style of the 17th century. Its load-bearing structures are made of reinforced concrete, while the walls are laid with bricks.

In its layout, the Kazan church resembles the Annunciation Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. The main room is located on a high plinth. The church faces the street with its altar part, and to enter, one must ascend one of two staircases and pass through an open porch. The height of the church is about 30 meters, and the dimensions of the main room, 18 by 18 meters, allow it to accommodate up to 500 worshippers.

Tourists leave such reviews about the church: "It appears before your eyes quite unexpectedly, and this only enhances the impression. In sunny Havana, our church looks surprisingly organic"; "A lovely place, a breath of fresh air for all Russian Cubans. Previously, they visited the Greek church, now they come here. I have been here three times, twice during construction. When everything was completed, I was very pleased"; "An Orthodox church, beautiful both inside and out. Entrance for viewing is free."