Spasskoye-Lutovinovo, the estate of Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev's mother, is now a state memorial and nature museum-reserve in the Mtsensk district of the Oryol region.
The main treasure of the museum is the house-museum of I.S. Turgenev, which houses a unique collection of items related to the great Russian writer. Unlike other museums, the collection here consists almost entirely of authentic items that belonged to Turgenev himself and his ancestors. These items not only surrounded the writer in his home but also inspired his creativity.
The house where Turgenev lived burned down in 1906 but was restored on the same site in the form he last saw it in the summer of 1881. The carved verandas, immersed in greenery, small windows of the attic, and the enfilade of rooms allow one to feel the atmosphere of Turgenev's time. The furniture in the house represents the best examples of the work of Russian craftsmen from the 18th and the first half of the 19th centuries, some of which are rare works of applied art. The rooms are filled with light and warmth thanks to the reflections of mahogany and Karelian birch. The coziness is created by the antique English clock in the dining room and the 'samoson' sofa in the small living room, where many guests of Spasskoye rested. In the study stands the writing desk where Turgenev created his works. It was here that he felt a special creative uplift, admitting that 'one writes well only in the Russian village.'
An ancient icon of the Savior Not Made by Hands is a family relic. The museum's collection also includes paintings that belonged to Turgenev's ancestors, including portraits of his father and brother, works by famous artists, and views of Spasskoye-Lutovinovo.
Turgenev's house was always hospitable. The chamberlain Zakhar Balashov recalled how guests such as Panayev, Nekrasov, Grigorovich, Polonsky, Shenshin (Fet), and even Count Leo Tolstoy often sat on the bench by the house. The estate was also visited by I.S. Aksakov, M.S. Shchepkin, A.V. Druzhinin, and others.
The village of Spasskoye got its name from the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior. In the 16th century, Ivan the Terrible granted it to Ivan Lutovinov. Ivan Ivanovich Lutovinov played an important role in the history of the estate, creating its center, a two-story wooden house with a library and theater. After his death, the estate passed to his niece Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova, who married officer Sergey Nikolaevich Turgenev in 1816.
In 1839, a fire occurred at the estate, but the house was partially restored. After Varvara Petrovna's death in 1850, the estate came to Ivan Turgenev, where he spent his childhood and returned for rest. In 1852, he was here in exile, where he wrote several works. Turgenev last visited Spasskoye in 1881, and he died in France in 1883.
After his death, the heirs took the furniture, and in 1906 the house burned down. In 1918, the writer's property became national heritage, and in 1921 Spasskoye was declared a state reserve. Restoration of the estate began in 1937. During the war, the territory was occupied and mined. In 1976, the restored house was opened, and in 1980, work was done to care for the oak planted by Turgenev. In 2019, after restoration, a new exhibition opened, including about 150 authentic items of the writer and his ancestors, as well as paintings and portraits by famous artists.
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