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Suvorov Estate: N.I. Baranova, N.P. Gagman

Фото 1
Behind the fence of the Church of the Great Ascension, a magnificent cast-iron porch comes into view. Behind the square, where a monument to the writer Alexei Tolstoy stands in place of the former bell tower of the church, hides a mansion with a history that begins in the 18th century.

The first mentions of the estate outside the White City date back to the early 18th century, when the estate of Avdotya Semyonovna Shchepotyeva, wife of an advisor to the Commissariat Expedition, was located behind the Ascension Church, situated beyond the Nikitsky Gates. It was situated between Bolshaya and Malaya Nikitskaya streets. In 1739, the property was sold to Captain of the Fleet Matvey Vasilyevich Rzhevsky. After his death in 1766, the heirs sold the house to General-Anshief Vasily Ivanovich Suvorov. It was under him that the stone house was built, which became the basis of the modern structure. V.I. Suvorov's father-in-law served in the neighboring church of Feodor Studit, and his famous son, Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov, sang in the choir as a child. However, contrary to rumors, Suvorov was not born or raised here, as the estate was acquired when he was already commanding the Suzdal Infantry Regiment. He came here to rest from military affairs. His father dreamed that Alexander would marry and have heirs, but he led a military life until the age of 40. In 1774, his father chose a bride for him, Princess Varvara Ivanovna Prozorovskaya. After the birth of their daughter Natalia, the relationship between the spouses deteriorated. Varvara could not bear the hardships of military life, while Alexander did not enjoy high society. In 1776, after the death of his parents, Suvorov inherited the mansion. After the birth of their son Arkady in 1784, the couple separated, and Varvara remained in the mansion on Nikitskaya with their son. The father sent daughter Natalia to the Smolny Institute and forbade her from communicating with her mother.

After the death of Varvara Ivanovna in 1806, the mansion was sold to Nikolai Andreyevich Enish, who made an extension to the eastern end. In 1812, the estate was damaged by fire, and in 1819 it was purchased by Nikolai Mikhailovich Yuryev, who renovated the house. In 1824, the house passed to Semyon Nikolayevich Ozerov, and in 1829 it was acquired by the French vice-consul Nikita Andreyevich Weier, a well-known Moscow moneylender. Here, Nashchokin lent money to Pushkin for his wedding, while the poet himself pawned his wife's diamonds.

From 1841 to 1846, the estate was owned by N.P. von Breven, then the house passed to the Shepping barons. Baron Otto Dmitrievich Shepping, a participant in the 1812 war, was immortalized in Pushkin's letters. His wife, Maria Dmitrievna, was the sister of the famous historian A.D. Chertkov. Their son Dmitry became a famous ethnographer.

In 1861, the owner became merchant Nikolai Ivanovich Baranov, who in 1873 commissioned architect A.S. Kaminsky to design the reconstruction of the house. The facades received decorative design in the style of the Italian Renaissance. In 1879, the house was bought by Mikhail Vasilyevich Sabashnikov. In 1882, his granddaughter, artist and writer Margarita Vasilyevna Sabashnikova, was born here, who left a description of the house in her memoirs.

In 1892, the Sabashnikovs sold the mansion to Nadezhda Petrovna Kunina. She undertook the reconstruction of the house with architect V.G. Zalesky. In 1913, a memorial plaque in honor of Suvorov was installed on the facade of the house.

After the 1917 revolution, the property was nationalized. In 1925, it housed a school, then the Japanese embassy, and in the 1960s, the Nigerian embassy. In the 2000s, restoration work was carried out, completed in 2013. The site is a cultural heritage of regional significance.

Geo point

Городская усадьба Суворовых, Н.И. Баранова, Н.П. Гагман

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