The Ethnographic Museum of the Peoples of Transbaikalia, located in Ulan-Ude, in the Upper Beryozovka microdistrict, is an open-air museum complex in the Republic of Buryatia.

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, there was a rise in the number of open-air ethnographic museums in the USSR. This surge during the years of political thaw was due to the improvement of the population's welfare, the development of educational tourism, and the increase in the flow of foreign tourists to the country. In the Buryat ASSR, the museum was opened on August 19, 1968. Among the first exhibits were the Nikolsk Church, transported from the village of Nikolsk, and the Devajin-dugan from the Tamchin Datsan. The Museum of the Peoples of Transbaikalia is one of the largest in Russia, covering an area of 37 hectares and housing over 40 architectural monuments and more than 11,000 exhibits.

The museum territory is divided into several complexes:

- The Archaeological Complex includes a closed pavilion and an open area with slab graves, stone pillars, and "watch" stones. The first Hun burial ground was discovered in 1896 in the Ilmovaya Hollow of the Kyakhta district. In the Middle Ages, the Huns built flat round stone structures over the burials. The pavilion features finds from the Ivolginsk settlement.

- The Buryat Complex consists of wooden and felt yurts and a Buddhist dugan. In the first half of the 19th century, Buryat temples were built under the influence of Russian architecture. In the second half of the 19th century, a new type of dugan emerged, incorporating local and eastern features. An example is the Devajin-dugan from the Tamchin Datsan. In 1926, the temple was rebuilt, increasing its area while maintaining its previous appearance. The predominant color is yellow, sacred in Lamaism. Inside is a panel "Tunshi," illustrating an Indian fairy tale.

- The Pre-Baikal Complex features the estate of a Buryat Cossack with the winter house of S. B. Safronov, built in 1900 in the village of Kharety (now the Nukutskiy district of Irkutsk region) and moved to the museum in 1975.

- The Transbaikalian Complex is dedicated to the history of exile and hard labor. Since the late 17th century, Transbaikalia became a place of exile. Along the route of the exiles, stages were located every 25 versts. There were more than 20 stages in the Verkhneudinsk district. A three-chamber stage barn was transported from the village of Kulskiy Stanok in the Khorinsky district and contains an exhibition "From the History of Exile and Hard Labor in Transbaikalia."

- The Urban Complex showcases houses from old Verkhneudinsk, modern Ulan-Ude. An urban house with a mezzanine, built in 1900, was located at 22 Post Office Street and belonged to an official. It was moved to the museum in 1978 and restored with changes. The house features an exhibition of early 20th-century interiors. A corridor-type house, built in 1909, was intended for renting furnished rooms and was moved to the museum in 1979.

- The Old Settler Complex includes the homes of a plowed peasant and a Cossack ataman. The peasant's house, built in 1880, was transported from the village of Baturino in the Pribaikal district. Opposite are buildings from 1919 from the village of Klochnyovo.

- The exhibition of Old Believers-Semeyskies, exiled to Siberia in the 18th century, includes a typical street from the late 19th to early 20th century with houses of prosperous peasants, craftsmen, and wealthy Old Believers. In the distance stands a chapel. The house of peasant Krasikov, built in 1861 in the village of Barykino-Klyuchi, contains an exhibition of agricultural tools. A forge from the ulus of Arbijil, built in the late 19th century, was moved to the museum in 1971. The Zaytsev house from the village of Nadeino, built in the late 19th century, was moved in 1972. The Borisov house from the village of Kuitun, built in the second half of the 19th century, was moved in 1972. Gates from the village of Novaya Bryan, built in 1906, were reconstructed in the museum in 1978.