On the territory of the Filatov Children's Hospital, there are two buildings that are architectural monuments. One of them, a wooden single-story structure, stands on the red line of the street, while the other, a stone two-story building, is located deep within the courtyard. Although both buildings share the same address, their histories are often confused, merging into one, despite their different fates.

The building located deep within the site and invisible from the street was part of the extensive estate of Prince Alexander Yakovlevich Urusov, which formed in the first half of the 18th century. The main courtyard of the estate faced not the Zemlyanoy Val but the Presnensky ponds, which were of greater significance at that time. The main part of the house was built during the tenure of the next owner, Prince and Freemason Gavriil Petrovich Gagarin, in the second half of the 18th century, incorporating older chambers. In 1811, after Gagarin's death, the estate was sold to the civil governor of Moscow, Nikolai Andreyevich Nebol'sin, who was the guardian of the first children's hospital on Malaya Bronnaya. The main house of the estate, which survived the fire of 1812, was rebuilt by architect O.I. Bove in the Empire style, featuring a portico with eight Ionic half-columns and decorative elements.

In 1848, the estate was acquired by Count Andrei Fyodorovich Rostopchin and his wife, poetess Yevdokiya Petrovna, née Sushkova. The house underwent changes again, including the addition of a second floor, which housed Rostopchin's public art gallery.

From 1852, the well-known Moscow philanthropist, founder of the Ladies' Committee for the Poor, Princess Sofia Stepanovna Shcherbatova, lived here. She bequeathed the estate to her six children, among whom was Moscow's mayor Alexander Alexeyevich Shcherbatov. On behalf of all the heirs, he transferred the estate to the city for the establishment of a children's hospital. In 1897, the Bronny Children's Hospital moved here, renamed Sofia Hospital in honor of Princess Sofia Shcherbatova.

The following year, to expand the hospital's territory, the neighboring estate of Protkova-Konshina was acquired, and the wooden house standing on the street line became part of the hospital complex. Over time, new treatment buildings were constructed on the hospital's grounds.

Since 1922, it has been the Nila Fyodorovich Filatov Children's City Clinical Hospital, and the house of Princess S.S. Shcherbatova serves as its main building.