The Milgauzen house was built at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, based on 17th-century chambers. This strict classicist house is adorned with a rotunda featuring a round dome and pilasters, flat decorative elements protruding in the form of rectangles. The rotunda appears taller than the main part of the building, as due to the peculiarities of the terrain, the semi-basement floor beneath it is higher and even has windows.

In the early 19th century, the owner of the house was Bogdan Milgauzen (1781 or 1782, 1854), a doctor of medicine, a distinguished professor at the Medical-Surgical Academy, and an actual state councilor. The Milgauzen family had five children: two sons and three daughters. The sons, Fyodor and Alexander, studied at the boarding school of Leontiy Chermak along with the future writer Fyodor Dostoevsky. The boarding school was located nearby on Novaya Basmannaya Street. The building of the boarding school has not survived, and in the early 20th century, a tenement house was built in its place.