The house of the great Russian architect Fyodor Osipovich Shekhtel, built in 1910 at Bolshaya Sadovaya Street, 4, building 1, became his third and last personal residence. This building, executed in the classical style, is considered one of the most perfect creations of the master. Earlier, in 1896, Shekhtel erected a mansion for his family in Yermolaevsky Lane in the then fashionable pseudo-Gothic style. However, by 1910, architectural preferences had changed, and the new house was built in the neoclassical style. The complex consisted of two buildings: the residential house was on the red line, and in the courtyard, there was a two-story building. Initially, a workshop with a large window was planned, but ultimately, it housed a residential building with two apartments. Along with the architect's family, his wife's sister, Vera Timofeevna Zhegina, and their niece, artist Vera Alexandrovna Popova, lived in the house.

The facade of the building is divided into two parts: on the left, a one-story volume with an arch, and on the right, an asymmetrical two-story section. The facade decor is inspired by Moscow Empire style of the early 19th century. The right part is adorned with a portico of four half-columns of the Doric order and a large three-part window. This window and the living hall behind it are the center of the facade's composition, symbolizing the temple of arts. The idea of the importance of art is also expressed in the frieze with antique figures, reminiscent of the Parthenon frieze. In the center is depicted Athena Pallas, surrounded by the muses of painting, sculpture, music, and architecture. The internal space of the house, unlike the static facade, is dynamic and organized around a two-story hall-living room, where exhibitions of the works of the architect's children and his friends took place.

The house often hosted friends of the Shekhtels, artists, writers, and merchants. Vladimir Mayakovsky was friends with their son Lev and daughter Vera, and here they worked on his first poetry collection "I," for which illustrations were created by Lev Zhegin and Vasily Chekrygin, who also lived in the house. In 1918, the house was nationalized, and the Shekhtel family was forced to leave it. The architect spent his last years in poverty, changing several addresses, and died in 1926.

After the revolution, military and state figure Robert Petrovich Eydeman lived in the house, and in the 1930s, the courtyard housed the workshop of sculptor I.D. Shadr. In the 1990s, the house fell into disrepair, and its interiors suffered from the actions of the homeless. The restoration of the mansion was carried out by the "Strategy" fund, which has owned the house since 1993.