The route of Bolshaya Polyanka is likely part of one of the oldest roads in Moscow, leading from the crossing at the site of the modern Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge to Serpukhovskaya Square. Here, Bolshaya Polyanka connects with Bolshaya Ordynka and, beyond the Garden Ring, transitions into the beginning of the Serpukhovsky tract.

The names Bolshaya Polyanka and Kazachya Sloboda with the Assumption Cathedral of the Most Holy Theotokos testify to the peripheral position of Zamoskvorechye and its active development after the Time of Troubles in the early 17th century.

Kazachya Sloboda preceded the settlement of Zamoskvorechye by the streltsy in the 17th century. The origins of Kazachya Sloboda in Zamoskvorechye have their peculiarities. The old name of the territory, Ryazanskaya or Kolomenskaya Yamskaya Sloboda, where the Assumption Cathedral of the Most Holy Theotokos stands on the site of the Church of Saints Flora and Lavra, patrons of horse trades. The change of toponyms indicates that the yam trade here was conducted by people from Kolomna and Ryazan, the oldest regions of Russian Cossacks. Cossacks, like the later streltsy, could engage in trades, while their primary activity was the defense of borders, including mounted patrols, which made the yam trade a suitable occupation.

The Assumption Cathedral of the Most Holy Theotokos and the Church of Saints Flora and Lavra in Kazachya Sloboda have been known since 1642. The modern building of the cathedral was constructed in 1696 in the Naryshkin Baroque style and renovated in 1723. In 1796 and 1798, a bell tower in the classical style was erected.

In 1869 and 1872, the cathedral was renovated with funds from parishioners and church elder P.D. Rogatin. For these works, an Income House with shops was built on the church property in 1863 and 1864. The builder of the house was hereditary honorary citizen A.V. Lepeshkin, son of V.L. Lepeshkin and nephew of S.L. Lepeshkin, elder of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Vishnyaki.

The Income House of the Assumption Cathedral of the Most Holy Theotokos on Bolshaya Polyanka is an interesting example of construction from the transitional period of the 1860s and belongs to the works of late classicism. Notably, the house was equipped with water supply and sewage systems.

The building is undergoing maintenance repairs and adaptations for modern use.