The church was built in 1815 with funds from peasants of the village of Stepanovo, as well as the villages of Vetoshkino and Buldakovo, with the support of the merchants Davydovs, in honor of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812. Before the revolution, a church parish school operated at the church.

In 1934, the church was closed. The bells were thrown down from the bell tower, and the fence was destroyed. According to local elders, the residents saved the church from complete destruction. Especially active in protecting the church was Yevdokiya Petrunina, who was not afraid of repression. Every time the authorities intended to blow up the church, she gathered people, and together they defended it. Even after the official closure, the residents of Stepanovo and nearby villages continued to pray in the church until it was finally prohibited.

The restoration of the church and church life began in 1987. In 1990, the church was officially returned to the Nizhny Novgorod diocese, and on October 3 of the same year, services resumed.