The village of Arlagul, located in the Arlagul volost of the Kurgan district, is situated on the banks of the Kamyshenka River and lies on the trade route between Kurgan and Ishim.

In 1823, a wooden church was built here in honor of the Ascension of the Lord. In the early 1870s, the parish of this church included the villages: Malo-Arlagul, Vysokova, Bolshaya-Mokhova, Malo-Mokhova, Staro-Shchetikovo, Prilogina, Kamyshnaya, and Pesyana.

In 1872, Bishop Efrem of Berezovsky, who managed the Tobolsk diocese, noted that the church was cramped and dilapidated, while the number of parishioners was large. After this inspection, the parishioners decided to use their own funds and church money to build a new stone church in the most convenient and elevated place in the village. On January 25, 1874, a decree for the church's construction was issued, and on August 18, 1875, the archpriest of the Kurgan district churches, Priest Peter Burov, laid the foundation stone of the church with the participation of local priests.

The construction was entrusted to a peasant from Vladimir province, Stepan Volkov, but the choice of contractor proved unsuccessful. On July 2, 1881, one of the domes collapsed in the under-construction church. Architect Makarov, dispatched by the Tobolsk Construction Commission, determined that the cause was poor workmanship and deviations from the project. The construction progressed slowly, and it was only in December 1899 that a merchant from Ishim, Sergey Bagishev, installed the iconostasis. On May 23, 1900, the new church was consecrated by Archpriest Peter Burov. That same year, the old wooden church was moved to the village of Kamyshnaya.

By 1914, the Ascension Church in Arlagul was finally completed. Contractor Konstantin Malyshev, under the supervision of architect Nikolai Yushkov, added a refectory and a bell tower to the main building.

In 1913, the parish of the church included the villages: Prilogina, Kamyshnaya, Novo-Shchetikova, Staro-Shchetikova, Odinskaya, Bolshaya-Mokhova, Malo-Mokhova, Malo-Arlagul, and Vysokova. The Ascension Church had two subsidiary churches: the Znamenskaya in the village of Pesyanskaya and the Ionno-Theological in the village of Kamyshnaya.

The Arlagul church was closed in 1931.