For the modern Muscovite, the Pechatniki district is associated with the metro station of the same name. However, in the 16th and 17th centuries, residents of Moscow had different associations: this is recalled by Pechatnikov Lane, located between Sretenka and Trubnaya, as well as the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Pechatniki.

Since the late 16th century, outside the walls of the White City near the Sretenka Gate, there was the Tsar's Printing Sloboda, where typographers lived, working at the Printing Yard on Nikolskaya Street. It was they who built the first wooden Assumption church in 1631, which was replaced by a new wooden building in 1659. In 1695, the printers erected the third Assumption church, already made of stone, and its base with the bell tower has survived to this day.

During the construction of the new church, the style of "Naryshkin Baroque" predominated in Moscow church architecture, which paid special attention to the decor of windows and portals. This is reflected in the Church of the Assumption in Pechatniki: the windows of its base are adorned with frames with crests, and the side portals are decorated with fine white stone carvings depicting grapevines entwining the columns. The bell tower consists of three tiers: the lower serves as the entrance to the church, the middle as a utility room, and the upper is designed as an octagonal bell tower with a closed vault. The tent on the bell tower is placed on top of the vault and serves exclusively a decorative function.

The refectory at the church has been rebuilt multiple times. In 1727, a warm chapel of the Beheading of St. John the Baptist appeared in it, and in 1763, a chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. In 1775, a small chapel was added to the southern wall of the refectory, highlighted by a dome with a cupola. The last changes to the appearance of the church occurred in 1897 and 1902, when a new refectory with a chapel in the Neo-Russian style was built according to the design of architect M.A. Aladyin. The windows of the refectory echo the motifs of Naryshkin Baroque, resonating with the windows of the ancient base of the Assumption church.

There is a version that it was in the Church of the Assumption in Pechatniki that the artist Pukirev witnessed the marriage of an old man and a girl, which inspired him to create the painting "Unequal Marriage," now housed in the Tretyakov Gallery. Also, before the revolution, an ancient Jewish silver coin was kept in the church's sacristy, which was believed to be one of the thirty pieces of silver received by Judas for betraying Christ.

After the revolution, the church was closed for services, and its building was initially occupied by the trust "Arcticproject." In 1950, an exhibition "Soviet Arctic" opened here, and in 1960, a permanent exhibition "Merchant Fleet of the USSR." The exterior of the building has hardly changed, only the crosses were removed and the fence dismantled, but the interior decoration was completely lost, and the space of the church was re-planned. In 1994, the exhibition was removed, and services in the church resumed.