The Assumption Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Sergiev Posad is one of the most beautiful in Russia and is considered the main attraction of this ancient town in the Moscow region. It is located in the historical part of Sergiev Posad, south of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. The church was built in the second half of the 18th century, from 1757 to 1769, replacing several wooden churches that had either decayed or burned down in fires. The funds for the construction were donated by local parishioners from the village of Klementyevo, which belonged to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery and became part of the town in 1782 under the name of Sergievsky.

Klementyevo, one of the oldest settlements near the monastery, is first mentioned in written sources in the first quarter of the 15th century. In the "Life of St. Sergius, Abbot of Radonezh," compiled by Epiphanius the Wise in 1417-1418, it is stated that the area around the monastery was deserted, but over time, Christians began to arrive and establish settlements here. According to legend, a peasant named Kliment was the first to build a house near the monastery, and the village was named after him. Archaeological finds confirm the existence of Klementyevo in the 14th century. Initially, it belonged to the Radonezh princes, and in 1425 it passed into the ownership of the Trinity Monastery. The Pereslavl road, now the modern Yaroslavl highway, contributed to the development of the village, connecting it with Moscow and other cities. By the mid-15th century, Klementyevo had become an important trading center. It is possible that there was already a church in the village at that time, the first mention of which dates back to 1513, when a wooden church in honor of the Assumption of the Mother of God was consecrated. In the 16th-17th centuries, Klementyevo was the administrative center of the Trinity settlements. In the early 17th century, the village suffered from Polish invaders who burned it down, including two wooden churches. The residents of Klementyevo showed courage in defending the Trinity-Sergius Monastery. After the siege was lifted, more than 800 defenders were buried in a brotherly grave. Despite the devastation, Klementyevo quickly recovered, and by the mid-17th century, a new wooden Assumption church was built, which burned down in a fire in 1746. This event highlighted the need for a stone church, which was constructed in the second half of the 18th century.

In 1764, after Catherine the Great's decree on the secularization of church lands, Klementyevo became a state settlement. The administrative center of the town was moved, and Klementyevo lost its former significance. However, its quiet streets and historical buildings retained a unique appearance. In 1929, the Soviet authorities signed a lease agreement with the believers for the church building, but in 1936, they terminated it and handed the church over to schismatics. In 1934, the bells were removed and sent for scrap metal. During this time, Deacon Theophan Grafov served in the church, who was arrested and exiled, later sentenced to a camp where he died in 1938. In the 1960s, the church was used as a bakery, and only in 1990 was it returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. The church was restored and received the status of an architectural monument. In 1999, the great consecration of the central altar took place, and in 2001, the Assumption Church became the center of the Sergiev Posad deanery. In 2003, the construction of a baptismal church in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Life-Giving Spring" began in the churchyard.