The Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God was built according to the design of architect Shmakov, and construction was completed on October 9, 1900. The parish included merchants from Gorbatov and peasants from Gorbatov and the village of Nizkovo, totaling 121 people. The church was served by priest Ioann Lichadeev and psalmist Mikhail Fedotov. The last visit of the Archbishop took place on April 27, 1916.

Difficult times for the church began in September 1935, when the Gorbatov City Council decided to convert the building into a bakery. A document dated November 6, 1935, noted that the church had not been used for 11 months, property was being looted, and windows were left without glass. The building was suitable for cultural institutions such as a club, library, or radio station. It was proposed to close the Assumption Old Believer Church in Gorbatov. However, the fate of the church was sealed back in the spring of 1931, when the community requested a reduction in tax and rent from 2449 rubles 64 kopecks to 748 rubles, but was denied. Taxes continued to rise, and the small community could not maintain the church in good condition.

In December 1936, the City Council proposed to use the closed church for an electrical substation, necessary due to the increase in electricity consumption. Thus, the church became a source of electric light for many years. After the substation was closed, the building housed warehouses of the RSU and a sawmill of the LLC 'Hermes.'