The history of the first church in the village of Kremenki, where the city of Novoulyanovsk later emerged, dates back to the 18th century. It is known that the church was built before 1752. It was wooden and had one altar dedicated to the Holy Life-Giving Trinity. In 1759, the parishioners carried out significant repairs, which is why documents from 1858-1869 mention this year as the year of its construction. In 1848, the village was visited by Emperor Nicholas I, who gifted the church valuable items: an iconostasis, vestments, sacred vessels, and other items. However, the main treasure of the church was considered to be a silver-gilded altar cross. On its back, there was an inscription stating that the cross contained parts of the Lord's vestments, the Lord's cross, as well as the relics of St. John the Baptist, the apostle and evangelist Luke, St. Theodore Tyron, Saints Cosmas and Damian, and St. Demetrius of Thessalonica. In 1849, a stone foundation was laid for the wooden church, and a new bell tower was built.

On February 1, 1870, the church burned down as a result of a fire. Just nine days later, on February 9 of the same year, the community began constructing a prayer house, which soon became a church in honor of the Great Martyr Paraskeva Friday. Later, this prayer house was transferred to the village of Kaibely, located on the opposite bank of the Volga, in the Stavropol district of the Samara province. This village was in the present-day Cherdaklinsky district, south of the Cross City Mounds, and is now submerged by the Kuibyshev Reservoir.

While the people of Kremenki prayed in the prayer house, a new wooden church with two altars was being built on the site of the burned temple, thanks to the funds from parishioners and patrons. The main altar, dedicated to the Holy Life-Giving Trinity, was consecrated on October 28, 1871. The side chapel in honor of St. Paraskeva Friday was consecrated on October 21, 1877. By the end of the 1880s, the entire church had become warm. In 1912, a second left chapel in honor of the Transfiguration of the Lord was built and consecrated on August 3, 1912, making the church three-altar. Sixteen years later, in 1928, the temple suffered from a fire again, which started from the bell tower, but many icons were saved.

From 1996 to 2014, services were held in the prayer house of the village of Kremenki. In the autumn of 2002, with the blessing of Archbishop Proclus, the foundation of a new church of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity was laid. In 2014, with the blessing of Metropolitan Proclus of Simbirsk and Novospassky, services began in the new church of the city of Novoulyanovsk.