The Church of St. Mary Magdalene, also known as Russisch Orthodoxe Hl. Maria Magdalena Grabkirche or Russisch-Orthodoxe Kapelle Weimar, is an Orthodox temple that belongs to the Eastern Diocese of the Berlin and German Eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church. It is located in the Historical Cemetery in Weimar, Germany.

The first Orthodox church in Weimar was founded in 1804 for Maria Pavlovna, the daughter of Russian Emperor Paul I and Empress Maria Feodorovna, who married Grand Duke Karl Friedrich of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. The chapel, consecrated in honor of St. Equal-to-the-Apostles Mary Magdalene, was located in the mansion of Charlotte von Stein, a lady-in-waiting to Duchess Anna Amalia. Goethe, who was friends with Charlotte, often visited this church, interested in Russian iconography and hymns. The church was also attended by Russian Emperors Alexander I and Nicholas I.

The church was served by Archpriest Nikita Yasnovsky, who was the librarian of Maria Pavlovna and is known for translating the Orthodox liturgy into German. An annual memorial service for Emperor Paul I was held in the church on March 11 (23).

After the death of Maria Pavlovna in 1859, her body was placed in the ducal mausoleum, and the church came under the management of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, becoming the church of the Imperial Russian Mission in Weimar.

On July 8 (20), 1860, the construction of a new Orthodox church began near the mausoleum. Maria Pavlovna wished to be buried in Russian soil, so earth from Russia was brought for the foundation. After the consecration of the church on November 24 (December 6), 1862, her coffin was transferred to the crypt of the church.

In 1877, the church was robbed, and some of the utensils were moved to the palace chapel, where services continued. Services in the mausoleum church were rare, only on the memorial days of Maria Pavlovna and during visits from royal persons.

After the closure of the Russian diplomatic mission in Weimar in May 1910, services in the church ceased. Since then, Orthodox services were held rarely and only in the chapel, and with the onset of World War I, they stopped altogether.

On September 2, 1950, the Church of St. Mary Magdalene was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Eparchy.

In 1976, restoration work began, which returned the church to its original beauty.

The five-domed Church of St. Mary Magdalene, built in the Byzantine style by architect Karl Heinrich Ferdinand Streyhan, has the year of construction, 1862, above the entrance. The interior is adorned with colored stained glass windows, and the dimensions of the church are 11 meters in length and 9 meters in width. The carved iconostasis was created by Russian craftsmen, and the wall paintings were done by German artist Heinrich Wislicenus.