The Church of the Holy Spirit, located in the Ryazan Kremlin on Trubezh Embankment, is a non-functioning temple of the Russian Orthodox Church and an architectural monument built in 1642. The church is notable for having two apses and two tents.

It is the only surviving building of the male Spirit Monastery, which was founded on January 9, 1505, at the confluence of the Lybed and Trubezh rivers with the support of Grand Duchess Agrippina of Ryazan. She allocated lands to the abbot Macarius, including villages and settlements, at the direction of the Ryazan prince. The lands were transferred by boyar Fyodor Ivanovich Sunbul. In 1514, the monastery burned down but was soon restored. In the 17th century, the monastery was affiliated with the New Jerusalem Monastery, but in 1684 it was returned to the Ryazan Diocese. In 1724, during Catherine II's reforms, the monastery was to be affiliated with the Ryazan Trinity Monastery and transformed into a school, but by the decree of 1727, its status was preserved. The monastery owned lands until 1764 and was managed by an abbot, and later an archimandrite. In 1783, the monastery burned down again and was abolished in 1787. Its brotherhood was transferred to the Trinity Monastery in Skopin, which was also closed in 1918. On March 9, 2017, the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church decided to resume the monastery's activities.

The church, built by architect Vasily Kharitonovich Zubov from Soligalich, was renovated after a fire in 1798 with funds from Princess Alexandra Vladimirovna Kozlovskaya. At that time, a new chapel in honor of Saint Martyr Alexandra was added. In the late 18th century, a refectory was added to the church, and in 1864, according to the design of architect Ivan Vasilyevich Stopichev, a new three-tiered tent bell tower was erected. In the late 19th century, the church housed the abbot's staff, a relic from the monastery's times. The church was closed in 1929, and its building housed a club for water transport workers. Currently, the building of the church houses the scientific library of the Ryazan State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve.