The first mentions of the Nativity Church in the village of Lebyazhye, Stavropol district, appear in the clerical records from 1849. The wooden church was built in 1745 with funds from parishioners. In 1846-1847, it was rebuilt on a stone foundation, and on June 5, 1848, the church was consecrated again. The building had no heating; there were neither stoves nor pipes. The only altar was dedicated to the Nativity of Christ and remained cold. Due to the population growth of the village, which reached 3,090 people by 1897, it was decided to build a new temple. The old wooden church became cramped, cold, and dilapidated. The church's staff included two priests, one deacon, and a psalmist. There were wooden houses for the clergy, which have not survived to this day.

Documents from the office of the Bishop of Samara and Stavropol dated July 16, 1900, noted that the churches met the needs of the population, except for the village of Lebyazhye. A decision was made to construct a new stone church of the Nativity of Christ, designed for more than 1,000 people. It was planned that the church would be elongated along one axis from east to west, including the altar, the temple, the refectory, and the bell tower, as well as two side chapels. The author of the Nativity Church project remains unknown; it may have been created based on some model.

In 1902, the project received approval from the construction department of the Samara administration. Technical supervision of the construction was taken on by the Samara Diocesan architect Tadeusz Severinovich Khilinsky. In his note, he states: "On the 2nd day of 1902, I, the undersigned, give this signature confirming that I have taken on the responsibility for the technical supervision of the correctness and durability of the works for the construction of the stone church in the village of Lebyazhye, Samara province, Stavropol district, and I commit to report to the Samara Provincial Administration from the beginning to the end of the works. Samara Diocesan architect Khilinsky."

Khilinsky T.S. held the position of Samara Diocesan architect for over 23 years. Since 1887, he had been developing church projects in the Samara province. Under his guidance, the "Samara Crosses" were built in Samara, as well as projects for a distillery and store buildings, which have survived in Samara to this day. Khilinsky T.S., a provincial engineer and state councilor, passed away on November 24, 1905, from tuberculosis.

The stone Nativity Church was laid in the village of Lebyazhye on July 21, 1902, next to the old wooden church. The construction of the new church was completed on August 20, 1906, and its consecration took place on December 14, 1908.