The Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord in Preobrazhenskoe, an Orthodox church, was destroyed in 1964. It was located on Preobrazhenskaya Square in the Preobrazhenskoe district of the Eastern Administrative Okrug of Moscow and became the last church destroyed in the USSR. The village of Preobrazhenskoe is first mentioned in the 17th century when Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ordered the construction of a summer palace there. Preobrazhenskoe became famous during Peter I's reign when the toy army was stationed there for the entertainment of the tsarevich. In 1763, parishioners decided to build a new stone church and began collecting donations. Construction started two years later next to the old wooden church and was completed in 1768. In 1781, a chapel dedicated to Peter and Paul and a bell tower were added to the church. During the Moscow fire of 1812, the church was not damaged, and services continued even during the French army's presence in Moscow. After the revolution, the church remained active, and parishioners managed to preserve all church valuables, including the bells. During the mass closure of churches, icons from other churches were brought here for safekeeping. During the Great Patriotic War, parishioners collected donations for the front. From 1944, the chair of the Metropolitan of Krutitsy, Nikolai (Yarushevich), was located in the church.

By the early 1960s, the Church of the Transfiguration had one of the largest congregations in Moscow. In 1963, the Moscow City Executive Committee decided to demolish the church under the pretext of constructing the metro. Parishioners collected over 2,500 signatures in defense of the church, but at four o'clock in the morning on July 18, 1964, the church was blown up. Subsequently, the metro station "Preobrazhenskaya Square" was built in another location, and a park was laid out on the site of the church.

On July 17, 2009, the Moscow government issued an order to recreate the church on its former site between 2009 and 2013. However, construction is still ongoing, and judging by the photographs, it will soon be completed. A museum is planned to be opened in the basement, where artifacts found during excavations, elements of church decor, military equipment, and the gravestone of one of the first soldiers of the Preobrazhensky regiment will be displayed. The charitable organization "Center for Traditional Russian Culture 'Preobrazhenskoe'" also plans to create a museum of the history of Preobrazhenskoe and the historical districts of the Eastern Okrug. Since the church is closely linked to the history of the Guard Preobrazhensky regiment, a monument to the soldiers and officers of the "preobrazhentsy" who died in wars for the Fatherland is planned to be erected near its walls.