The Church of Metropolitan Peter, built in 1584, is located in the historic center of Pereslavl, just 250 meters southeast of the ancient Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral. This temple is one of the most beautiful architectural structures in the city. The church has a cross-shaped plan and a basement level, and its distinctive feature is the absence of protruding apses. The slender, faceted tent of the church is surrounded on three sides by an open two-story gallery.

According to legend, a wooden church was built on this site in the late 14th to early 15th century, where in 1310 a trial was held against Metropolitan Peter, accused by the princes of Tver of trading in priestly positions. With the support of the great Moscow princes, the metropolitan was acquitted at the Pereslavl council. It is believed that the wooden church was erected after the relics of the Metropolitan were uncovered, funded by Dmitry Donskoy in gratitude for the spiritual assistance of Saint Peter to Moscow. In 1584, the church was rebuilt in stone with the funds of Ivan the Terrible, likely in connection with the atonement for the royal sin after the death of Tsarevich Ivan. The church is first mentioned in the patriarchal records in 1654, when it paid tribute. Until 1781, the temple was maintained by the state. Interestingly, the church's cellars were used as an ammunition storage and a prison. In the late 18th century, a warm church was arranged in the basement, and in the 19th century, a bell tower was added. The parish had over three hundred members. In the late 19th century, the church was restored under the guidance of academician V. Suslov. In 1940, it was still under the care of the faithful, but soon was closed and used as a warehouse. In the 1950s-1960s, the Yaroslavl scientific restoration workshop restored the ancient shape of the roof and window openings, strengthened the walls, and uncovered ancient arches. The Church of Metropolitan Peter has survived to this day as a monument of national significance and is one of the last examples of the 'classical' period of ancient Russian architecture. It is currently under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church.