The description of the monastery from the late 19th century states that the church was located on the first floor of a two-story rectangular building, situated north of the cathedral. The refectory building with the church was constructed in 1807 according to a plan approved by Nizhny Novgorod Archbishop Benjamin Krasnopevkov. Initially, winter cells for monks were placed here. Archbishop Benjamin planned to build this building for himself to later retire and live in the Oran monastery. However, he passed away before realizing this intention, and the building with the chapel was left for the brotherly refectory. Over time, the building and the church underwent numerous renovations. It is known that the antimins of the Peter and Paul church was consecrated by Bishop John in 1836, 29 years after the construction of the building.

According to the description of the monastery's property from 1883, the third church, a single-altar and warm one, was dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul. It measured 5 fathoms in length with an altar and 2 fathoms and 1 arshin in width. The octagonal dome was covered with iron and painted with copper paint, while the cross was sheathed in white tin. The walls were plastered and painted turquoise on the outside. The church had 12 windows: 6 with grilles at the bottom and 6 without grilles at the top. The floor was wooden, painted with ochre, and the ceiling was wooden and plastered. There were two doors: one on the southern side from the brotherly refectory and the other on the western side from the corridor of the second floor. Choirs with painted railings were added to the western side. The stove was made of simple bricks and plastered.

In 1883, under the abbot of the monastery, Bishop Macarius Mirolyubov, a water supply system was installed in the Oran monastery. The main tank, holding up to 1000 buckets of water, was placed in the western part of the refectory building under the roof. Water was supplied through pipes to the courtyard and bathhouse. However, some rafters were cut, leading to cracks in the walls and rotting of wooden structures, causing part of the cells to be unused.

In the early 20th century, due to the dilapidation of the roof and load-bearing structures, the Peter and Paul church was rebuilt. The monastery's abbot, Archimandrite Arkady, planned to change not only the layout but also the appearance of the building. Novice Sergey Lebedinsky developed a project in eclectic style for the facades of the refectory building and the church. However, in the end, the building was thoroughly renovated, and the changes mainly affected the internal layout and finishing. The work was funded by the monastery.