The church was built in 1801 on the site of the previous cathedral of St. Nicholas on the Boy, which belonged to a male monastery known since the 15th century. The wooden monastery repeatedly suffered from fires and was looted by the Poles during the intervention, and later it was annexed to the Rostov Yakovlevsky Monastery. In 1784, the St. Nicholas Monastery on the Boy was abolished, and the cathedral became a parish church. In 1958, lightning destroyed the bell tower.