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The Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Klenovskoye

Фото 1
The St. Nicholas Church in the village of Klenovskoye belongs to the rotunda type and was built in 1842 thanks to the efforts of the parishioners. According to legend, the idea for its construction belongs to Alexander I, who stopped in this village in 1824 on his way to Yekaterinburg. Such churches appeared in Russia relatively recently. Excluding the church in the village of Nodmoklovo, built by a Polish master in the 17th century, Russian rotunda churches began to be constructed only in the second half of the 18th century. Ancient Russian architecture did not use this type due to the complexity of erecting large domes. The first such churches, combining the traditional scheme with a rotunda, appeared in Moscow based on the designs of Matvey Kazakov. Soon, similar churches began to be built in the Moscow region, replicating the Moscow models. Some of them are attributed to V. Bazhenov, although there is no evidence for this. In Moscow and the Moscow region, churches were also built according to the designs of O. Bove and D. Zhilyardi, while such churches are rare in other regions. Two well-known churches were built in the vicinity of St. Petersburg: "Kulich" by architect N. Lvov and the church at the Powder Factory.

Thus, two centers of rotunda churches can be identified: the Moscow and St. Petersburg centers, with corresponding architectural schools. Outside these centers, such churches are rarely found, except for a few in the Urals. The earliest of them was planned in Nizhny Tagil as a burial place for the Demidovs, likely based on a design by M. Kazakov. New rotunda churches began to be built after the Patriotic War of 1812. Among them, the Transfiguration Church of the Upper Ufaley Plant, destroyed during Soviet times, was an analogue of Kazakov's Moscow church. Two other rotundas, similar in plan, were built for the factories of I. Beketova, the heiress of the factory owner Myasnikov. The Vvedenskaya Church belonged to the Minyar Plant, while the Sretenskaya belonged to the Ilek Plant. Both were built by Kazakov's pupil, architect E.G. Malyutin, according to Kazakov's design. Another church, All Saints, was built in Perm by architect I.I. Sviyazev in the traditions of the St. Petersburg school, modeled after the church at the Powder Factory.

The church in the village of Klenovskoye, the only rotunda in the Sverdlovsk region, also represents the St. Petersburg school. It is unique among known rotunda churches and belongs to the group of "Pod'yachev churches," built in the Kama region based on the designs of Ivan Pod'yachev. These churches have no analogues in Russian architecture and are exclusively linked to Pod'yachev's work. They are characterized by the absence of refectories and light drums on the domes, as well as a variety in details, bell tower shapes, and porticos. The church in Klenovskoye replicates the facades of "Pod'yachev churches," but its central part is developed into the shape of a rotunda. The rotunda has a unique cross shape with exedras that define the size of the dome, making it special even among the rare rotunda churches of Russia.

Geo point

Церковь Николая Чудотворца в Кленовском

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