The Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker is located to the west of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral and adjoins the western wall of the Kremlin. It was built around 1558 and originally consisted of white stone two-story refectory chambers with a church. The building had a rectangular shape, with a single-column refectory hall on the second floor and a similar bread room on the first. On the eastern side, the church with a semicircular apse adjoined the refectory hall. In the 17th century, the second floor was rebuilt in brick, covered with a barrel vault, and a residence for the abbot was added to the northern side of the refectory.

In 1815, the church was reconstructed according to the design of architect A. Schmidt. It is now an L-shaped two-story building consisting of two parts from different periods: the temple with the refectory and the abbot's quarters. The undercroft, preserved since the 16th century, is made of white stone and features a vaulted single-column room under the refectory and a barrel vault under the church. The temple part with the refectory has a rectangular shape with an asymmetrically located apse, while the abbot's quarters adjoin from the north. The western wall rests on a battle walkway between the Southwest and Preobrazhenskaya towers of the Kremlin. The temple is topped with a square base covered by a common roof. The dome that crowned the square base was lost during the Soviet era. The original decorative finish of the undercroft's facades has not survived, but the windows on the second floor are adorned with semicircular lintels with crosses from the 19th century. Since 1993, restoration work has been carried out in the building under the guidance of architect G. Gayazova and contractor TatSNRU. After restoration, the church became part of the complex of the 'Museum of Archaeology of the Republic of Tatarstan.'