The three-altar Kozmodemyansk church was built in 1789. Its main altar, dedicated to the holy unmercenaries Cosmas and Damian, was cold, while the warm chapels were consecrated in honor of Saint Dmitry of Rostov and Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker. The church was closed in 1933.

In the 1990s, a local agricultural enterprise carried out repair work in the Kozmodemyansk church: they poured the floor, plastered the interior walls and facade, and also repaired the roof and dome. However, for a number of reasons, the church never became operational.

The restored walls of the church were found to be covered with obscenities, and the altar contained cigarette butts and empty bottles. The church turned into a den, a consequence of the godlessness of modern people.

In 2010, the Arzamas diocese and the residents of the village of Dubenskoe began the second restoration of the Kozmodemyansk church. In the summer of that year, the first service was held. Since 2011, repair work has continued: the foundation is being strengthened, a porch has been built, and cosmetic repairs are being carried out.