The Church of Saints Constantine and Helena, the only surviving parish church on the island of Sviyazhsk not associated with monasteries, separated the upper part of Sviyazhsk, the fortress, from the lower part, the settlement, where merchants and craftsmen lived. In 1551, by the decree of Ivan the Terrible, a wooden church was built. The temple began its history in the 16th century shortly after the consecration of Sviyazhsk. According to the "Pistcovaya Book" of 1567, it was located near the Christmas Gates. The church was built by the order of Tsar and Grand Duke Ivan Vasilyevich; it had three altars: the main one in honor of Saints Constantine and Helena, the northern one in honor of St. Leontius of Rostov, and the southern one in honor of St. Andrew of Crete.

In the late 17th century, a stone parish church of Saints Constantine and Helena with a separate bell tower was built on the site of the wooden church. The stone temple is a three-part pillarless church with a three-tiered bell tower and a refectory between them. The square part of the church under a barrel vault is adorned with a small dome on a blind drum. The iconostasis has three tiers and is distinguished by its elegance.

In 1855, the Church of Saints Constantine and Helena was attached to the cathedral. In the early 18th century, the church and bell tower were united by the refectory. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, chapels in honor of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and St. George the Victorious appeared in the church.

The church is located on a high river terrace by the road at the entrance to the city. Before the revolution, the main elements of the urban ensemble were three architectural complexes on the upper plateau of the island: the Assumption and John the Baptist Monasteries and the Christmas Cathedral. After the destruction of the Christmas Cathedral in 1931, its role in the city's composition passed to the Church of Saints Constantine and Helena.

The first rector of the church was Father German, the founder of the Mother of God-Assumption Sviyazhsk Male Monastery. In 1564, the island's archpriest was ordained as the Archbishop of Kazan and Sviyazhsk and went to Kazan. Later, Father German was canonized.

In 1939, the last service was held by priest Anatoly Romanovsky in the church, after which it was closed. At that time, there were two altars in the church: the main one in honor of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God and Saints Constantine and Helena, and the second in honor of St. George the Victorious.

In the 1980s and 90s, the building was used for museum exhibitions, as it was transferred to the branch of the State Museum of the TASSR. On June 3, 1993, services resumed in the church, and the altar in honor of the Equal-to-the-Apostles Kings Constantine and Helena was restored. In 1994, a community was registered at the church. During the clearing of the territory in 1994, two mass graves were discovered on the northern side, the remains of which were reburied in a brotherly grave with a commemorative cross. Currently, the church is an active parish.