The first church was likely wooden. The stone temple in the village of Podbelskoye in the Bugulminsky district was built in 1810 thanks to the efforts of landowner Anna Ivanovna Alakayeva. Later, she married Captain Pyotr Grigorievich Lyakhov, a descendant of Polish nobility who served Russia. The construction of the church probably began in 1804, as before the revolution, the parish kept a decree from the first Orenburg bishop Ambrosius Kelembet dated April 13, 1804. The church, made of hewn stone with an iron roof, had a stone bell tower, was unheated, and could accommodate up to 400 parishioners. Nearby, within the fence, there was a wooden watchman's hut.

Initially, the church had two altars, but in 1900, Bishop Guriy of Samara and Stavropol abolished the altar in the name of Archangel Michael, which, according to the memories of the old-timers, was located in the chapel. As a result, only the main altar in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God remained, consecrated in 1810. The parish also had a separate building for prosphora preparation.

The church staff consisted of a priest, a deacon, and a psalmist, who lived in their own homes. According to a decree from the Orenburg provincial government dated June 11, 1809, the clergy had 15 desyatinas of arable land in two fields and 8 desyatinas of hayfield land. Another 10 desyatinas of unusable land were covered with bushes. The clergy cultivated the land independently. Church-parish schools were absent due to the small number of residents and lack of facilities.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the village of Podbelskoye was small. In 1915, it had only 125 residents. The main population of the parish lived in neighboring villages: Ivanovka, 263 people; Shatalovka, 769; Sukhorechka, 784; and Balakhonovka, 651 people. In total, the parish had 2,592 people. Besides the Orthodox, statistics recorded 354 Old Believers without priests. According to the old-timers, the village was considered Russian, but there were also Mordvins and Ukrainians living there.

Since 1908, the priest in Podbelskoye was Vladimir Vasilyevich Kostylyov, the son of a deacon. Local residents believed that the last rector managed to escape during the repressions. He was later seen in the village of Tuymazy, now in Tatarstan. However, according to the "International Memorial," Priest Mikhail Prokofyevich Yurtaev endured severe trials. On August 9, 1933, he was arrested, and on December 27, he was sentenced to three years in a concentration camp for anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda.

Fragments of stone tombstones have been preserved near the church, but it has not yet been established whose graves they stood on. The church remained untouched for a long time and was used as a grain storage. After the war, at the request of the village council chairman Kozyrkin, the roof was removed from the church, and it began to gradually deteriorate. According to legend, church property and jewels are buried near the temple, which is why black diggers still appear around the shrine. It is likely that one of the walls was blown up by them.