The Church of John the Baptist is located on the grounds of the Kazan Mother of God Men's Monastery in Tambov, in the Tambov region of Russia. It is part of the monastery's jurisdiction under the Tambov and Rasskazovo Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate.

The stone winter church of John the Baptist with the chapel of Tikhon of Zadonsk was built between 1794 and 1821. It was later expanded and raised in 1876. The architecture of the temple is executed in an eclectic style and features a tall square base with a traditional five-domed structure. An altar apse adjoins it from the east, while a spacious refectory and a small narthex are located to the west. The church is adorned with decor in eclectic forms. During the Soviet era, the church was desecrated, plundered, closed, and the domes were destroyed. In 1990, it was returned to the faithful.

In August 2008, the restoration of the five domes of the Church of John the Baptist began. From the very beginning, it was planned to recreate the domes in their original form. The floors of the church were uncovered, revealing four bases for the dome columns. Concrete pillars were installed on them, arches and sails were cast, and by spring 2010, five dome drums were laid. The domes were assembled on the ground and then lifted onto the drums with a crane. On July 26, 2011, the domes were adorned with gilded crosses. The church was plastered and painted red, symbolizing martyrdom. Craftsmen from the village of Zubova Polyana in the Republic of Mordovia made and installed a carved wooden iconostasis with gilding. The floors in the church were heated and laid with gray-brown tiles.

On November 9, 2014, Metropolitan Theodosius of Tambov conducted a minor consecration of the Church of John the Baptist.