On the even side of Vorontsovo Pole street, deep in the block, stands an ancient building with places of peeling plaster. It consists of several parts: the left part is made in the neo-Russian style, while the two annexes on the right look significantly older. At first glance, it is hard to determine that this is a church, but the semicircular zakomaras and kokoshniks reveal its purpose. The domes and cupolas have not survived.

The history of this church begins in the 15th century and is remarkably rich. The year of its construction is unknown, but according to legend, the temple was erected in honor of the victory over the Tatars in a battle that took place on July 20, the feast day of the Prophet Elijah. Chronicles indicate that in 1476, there was already a wooden church here, surrounded by a pine forest, from which the name "near Sosensky" originated. At the end of the 15th century, Ivan III built a suburban palace in this area, and the church became court-related. In the early 16th century, the palace along with the church passed to Ivan III's son, Vasily III. Vasily's birthday, March 25, coincided with the feast of the Annunciation, and in honor of this, the prince decided to build a stone church of the Annunciation next to the wooden church of the Prophet Elijah. The church was erected in 1514-1516 by the Italian architect Alevis. After 1525, Vasily III stopped visiting the palace in Vorontsovo, preferring Kolomenskoye and Vorobyovy, and the churches of the Prophet Elijah and the Annunciation became parish churches.

In the summer of 1653, Moscow faced a drought, and Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich promised to build a temple in the name of the saint on the day it rains. Rain fell on July 20, the day of the Prophet Elijah. The tsar chose the old church on Vorontsovo Pole, and on the site of the wooden church, a stone two-roofed Ilyinsky chapel was built, attached to the old stone Annunciation church erected by Alevis.

In the early 18th century, Alevis's church was demolished, possibly its basement part was preserved, and replaced by a five-domed church in the Naryshkin Baroque style.

In the mid-18th century, a bell tower was built separately from the church along the "red line" of the street, but it was demolished during the Soviet era.

In the 19th century, the church was rebuilt twice. In 1840, in the style of late Empire, by architect Kozlovsky, funded by the merchant brothers Usachev. However, one of the brothers soon died, the other left, and the almost completed building remained abandoned until 1870. Then the merchant G.I. Khlyudov, its elder, took over the church. Empire style was already out of fashion, and the church was rebuilt according to the project of architect P.P. Zykov in the neo-Russian style.

In 1929, the church was closed, and the building housed the Museum of Eastern Peoples' Art. The bell tower was demolished. On the wall of the church, a museum sign from the 1960s with neon lights has survived.

In the 21st century, the church housed a storage facility. The church is active and is preparing for restoration.