The Church of the Fedorovskaya Icon of the Mother of God, located on the right bank of the Kotorosli River in Yaroslavl, is a four-pillar five-domed parish church built in 1682-1687. Since 1987, until the consecration of the new Assumption Cathedral, it served as the cathedral of the Yaroslavl-Rostov Metropolis. The parish also includes the warm church of Nicholas of Pensk with a bell tower and the modern baptistery of Equal-to-the-Apostles Vladimir. The parish is surrounded by a Soviet-era fence, and several archbishops are buried near the church. Two streets intersecting the Zakotoroslnaya part of the city bear the name of the church.

On the advice of the Kostroma archpriest, the creation of a list from the Fedorovskaya Icon was entrusted to the famous icon painter Guriy Nikitin. He began work only after the start of Great Lent, having first confessed and taken communion. Upon completion, the icon was delivered to Yaroslavl, where a crowd awaited it. During the transfer of the icon to the Nicholas of Pensk Church, the first healing occurred: Vasily Potapov, who had been unable to walk for a long time, was able to participate in the procession on his own after prayer. He donated 20 rubles for the construction of the church. During the work, the brick carrier Ivan Zhernov fell but survived thanks to the help of the Most Holy Theotokos.

The plot for construction was provided by Ivan Moiseevich Denisov on September 27, 1683. A stone found in the field was laid as the foundation of the church. The parishioners wanted to model the church after that of Metropolitan Peter, but Pleshkov suggested building according to the dimensions of the larger Ascension Church. After taking measurements and a prayer service, the residents dug trenches and laid the foundation with their own hands.

The church became the result of the collective labor of all the residents of the Nicholas of Pensk parish. When the foundation was ready, professional masons were hired for the wall construction. Rodion Leontiev Yeryemin financed the construction up to the windows. Metropolitan Ion Sisyoyevich gave the church a blessed charter, and it was consecrated on July 24, 1687, the same year as the Church of John the Baptist in Tolchkovo.

Before the consecration of the church, the parishioners filled its iconostasis with images, 67 of which were brought from the Tolga Monastery. The icons of the Fedorovskaya Church are characterized by complex symbolism. A significant sum of 100 rubles was spent on the creation of the image of the Fatherland. To the right of the royal gates, an image of the Savior, ordered from Guriy Nikitin, was installed. A precious frame for it was made by Dmitry Yeryemin. The icons of the Trinity and Nicholas the Wonderworker were painted by the Yaroslavl artist Hilarion Sevastyanov.

The current iconostasis was ordered in 1705. The pillars and royal gates were carved by Vasily Komar and other peasants, while the kiots for the icons were made by the Yaroslavl craftsman Stepan Vorona. The main benefactors remained the merchants Yeryemin. Rodion Yeryemin donated a silver bowl for the blessing of water, a gift from Tsars Ivan and Peter Alexeyevich. His brothers and their wives donated embroidered covers and a shroud. In 1697, Ivan Yeryemin contributed a Gospel in a silver cover to the church. Bells and a clock were also ordered at that time.

The holy gates of the parish were built in 1714 with funds from Joseph Yeryemin. That same year, a stone almshouse was constructed. In 1715, John Yeryemin donated a thousand rubles for the remembrance of his soul, and with that money, frescoes were ordered, which have survived to this day.

The Fedorovskaya Church is typical of the mature stage of Yaroslavl church architecture, distinguished by the simplicity of its decor. The square structure measuring 18 by 24 meters is modestly decorated. Initially, entrances were on three sides, but they were later dismantled, and the square was surrounded by galleries. A high western porch with a triple arch was added in 1736. The five domes give the building an expressive silhouette. The height of the church to the cross of the central dome is 36 meters.

In the 19th century, the parish had church guardianship and a school. Until 1834, battalions of military cantors were assigned to the church. Merchant I. Ya. Kuchumov added the southern Tikhvin chapel in 1776. N. N. Sveshnikov built a chapel in 1884, where the icon of the Fedorovskaya Mother of God was transferred. A second chapel was consecrated in the name of Nicholas of Myra.

During the Soviet era, the church was closed and looted, used as housing and storage. The Church of Nicholas of Pensk remained open and served as the cathedral for Yaroslavl archbishops.

In 1987, the Tolga Monastery and the Fedorovskaya Church were transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. Two years later, the relics of Saints Princes Fedor, David, and Konstantin were transferred to the cathedral. During the time the church served as the cathedral, its wall paintings and iconostasis were partially restored. On Christmas 1999, a new brick baptistery was consecrated, opposite which a city hospice was built.