In 1894, a wooden church was built on the site of the current temple in honor of St. Theodosius. Over time, the need arose to construct a larger stone church, and in 1903, its foundation was laid. The construction was overseen by provincial architect E. Skavronsky, who was also known for building the Catholic church in Tula. However, due to a lack of funds and the onset of World War I, the construction was not completed. In 1918, it was planned to house a school in the church building, but it was used as a warehouse.

In 1990, the church was transferred to the diocese and consecrated in honor of the Protection of the Mother of God. In 1993, the building suffered significant damage from a fire, resulting in the loss of much of the church's utensils. Nevertheless, the icon of John of Tula and the mantle of St. Theodosius were saved. In 2000, a parish school opened in the church, and later a library, the Orthodox Youth Movement, and a Sobriety Society were established.