The Alexander Nevsky Church in Tula was built in 1886 and became the first in the city constructed in the Russian-Byzantine style, which replaced the previously dominant classicism. The church had four small decorative domes and one large dome, designed as an octagonal lantern topped with a helmet-shaped finish and a finial. Above the porch was a bell tower with a flat dome. The interior of the church included carved oak iconostases, the walls were painted with oil paint, and sacred images were located only in the dome. The lower part of the walls featured inscriptions from the Gospel and the Apostle. The parishioners were believers from the Peter and Paul Church and the Church of Nicholas on Rzhavets. The church had two altars: one for Euphemia the New and one for the martyr Eudocia. In 1889, in honor of the 900th anniversary of the baptism of Rus, a church parish school was opened at the church. The establishment of the school was bequeathed with a thousand rubles by college secretary N. A. Davydov. The school was housed in a specially built wooden building covered with iron, with primary funding provided by manufacturer A. S. Batyshev. In 1892, 58 boys were enrolled in the school. The trustees organized a library, which by the end of the century had 200 books and 250 textbooks. Poor students received clothing and hot meals during poor harvest years. In 1896, a reading library for adults was opened, containing up to 600 books. The funds for its creation were bequeathed by P. P. Rudnev. From 1887 to 1897, the church was served by the holy martyr Alexy Belkovsky.

In 1902, an extension was built for the education of girls, where handicrafts were taught. By 1908, 60 girls were studying at the school. In 1905, two extensions were added to the church: one for the sacristy and library, and the other for storing church utensils. In 1891, with funds from merchant A. P. Molchanov, a shelter for six elderly women was opened, who took care of the cleanliness of the church. The shelter was a house made of pine wood, divided into two parts. The church gave its name to two locations in Tula: Alexander Nevsky Lane and Square. In 1923, the lane became Sofia Perovskaya Street, but the name of the square remained until 1925. In 2008, the square was renamed back to Alexander Nevsky.

The exact date of the church's first closure is unknown, but on April 25, 1924, a complaint was received about its closure. In February 1925, the authorities reported that the closure was temporary due to the use of the church by monarchists. Later, the church was handed over to believers loyal to the Soviet government. In 1930, the church was permanently closed and transferred to a school, and then it housed a bread factory. In 1991, the building was recognized as a monument of history and culture. In March 2003, the church was returned to the believers, but its original appearance was lost. The exterior was restored, except for the four small domes. On October 14, 2005, a cross was erected over the church.