The exact time of the parish's founding at the site of the current monastery is unknown. It is believed that a wooden church in the village of Gorelki, consecrated in honor of Saint Nicholas, existed since the 15th century. In 1781, a stone church was built on the site of the old wooden church, consecrated by Bishop Theodosius in 1783. A church parish school operated at the church. Until 1915, the rector was Priest Alexey Abolensky, and from September 1915, Priest Dmitry Glagolev. After the church was closed in the 1930s, he was exiled while holding the rank of protopriest and went missing. During the Soviet era, the church was desecrated and used as a film storage facility, with the exact date of closure unknown.

In 1988, the church was the first in Tula to be returned to the Orthodox Church. Until 2000, it functioned as a parish under the guidance of Protopriest Vasily Gadzhiga. On December 28, 2000, by the decision of the Holy Synod, the Mother of God Birth parish was transformed into a men's monastery with the abbot Hieromonk Andronik Polyakov. In July 2001, with the blessing of Bishop Kirill Nakonechny of Tula and Belev, the Mother of God Shcheglovsk women's monastery was disbanded, and some of the nuns moved to the Mother of God Birth Monastery in the village of Gorelki. The male brotherhood was transferred to the Shcheglov monastery. The transformation of the monastery was approved by the Holy Synod's decision on October 6, 2001, and Sister Ambrosia Solomatina was appointed as the abbess.

Currently, there are 10 residents in the monastery: 4 schemamonks, 5 monks, and 1 nun. Services are held daily. The most famous shrine is the locally revered icon of the Mother of God "Tikhvin," the only image from the church that has been preserved by parishioners since pre-revolutionary times. The icon is known for miracles of deliverance from thieves and famine. In 2003, it was restored and returned to its original appearance.